Table of Contents
Interaction of radiation & matter
Energy transfer from photon to molecule or atom
UV Visible Spectrometry
What happens to molecule after excitation
General optical spectrometer
Black body radiation
UV sources
Why separate wavelengths?
Why are UV-Vis bands broad?
Wavelength Dispersion
Monochromator
Resolution
Filters - inexpensive alternative
Wavelength dependence in spectrometer
Photodetectors - photoelectric effect E(e)=hn - w
Spectral sensitivity is a function of photocathode material
Photomultiplier - dynodes of CuO.BeO.Cs or GaP.Cs
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Photodiodes - semiconductor that conducts in one direction only when light is present
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T=I/Io A= - log T = -log (I/Io) Calibration curve
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Deviations from Beer’s Law
Interpretation - quantitative
Resolving mixtures
Improving resolution in mixtures
Fluorescence
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Photoacoustic spectroscopy
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Principles of IR
Infrared Spectrometry
How does it work?
How Does It Work?
Instrumentation II
Double beam/ null detection
Instrumentation III
Detection of IR radiation
IR detectors
Carbon analyzer - simple IR
NDIR detector - no monochromator
Limitations
Limitations of Dispersive IR
Problems with IR
Limitations
Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
FTIR
FTIR
Fourier Transform IR
IR Spectroscopy - qualitative
Advantages of FTIR
New FTIR Applications
Attenuated Internal Reflection
New FTIR Applications
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